{"id":1628,"date":"2013-07-25T18:30:30","date_gmt":"2013-07-25T18:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/?p=1628"},"modified":"2013-08-06T19:47:51","modified_gmt":"2013-08-06T19:47:51","slug":"adiabatic-resonant-microring-modulators-with-integrated-thermal-tuner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/adiabatic-resonant-microring-modulators-with-integrated-thermal-tuner\/","title":{"rendered":"Adiabatic Resonant Microring Modulators with Integrated Thermal Tuner"},"content":{"rendered":"

Wavelength division multiplexed systems can achieve high bandwidth by utilizing many channels on a single fiber as opposed to current single channel per cable or fiber interconnects. Silicon photonics can readily enable wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems through the use of compact, inherently wavelength selective micro-ring\/-disk resonators.\u00a0 Such devices have been demonstrated to have energies as low as 3fJ\/bit at a data rate of 12.5Gb\/s[1<\/a>]<\/sup> and 13fJ\/bit at a data rate of 25Gb\/s[2<\/a>]<\/sup>. However, resonance drifts, induced by process\/wafer variations and dynamic temperature fluctuations, detune the alignment between the modulators and the WDM lasers and need to be compensated. Electro-optic tuning can compensate only for temperature variations of ~\u00b1 2.50<\/sup>C, while processor core activity on chip yields temperature fluctuations on the order of \u00b1100<\/sup>C. Therefore, thermo-optic tuning and control of resonators is required[3<\/a>]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Here[4<\/a>]<\/sup>, we demonstrate a 5.4-\u00b5m-diameter adiabatic resonant microring (ARM) modulator with a CMOS compatible integrated heater (Figure 1a) allowing for single mode operation (Figure 1b), high performance modulation and minimum thermal capacitance. High-speed modulation (Figure 1d) is achieved through a vertical p-n<\/i> junction around the edge of the ARM modulator and low resistance interior contacts. Electro-optic frequency shifts and spectral response are shown in Figure 1e. The proposed ARM modulator is measured to have a 6.2\u00b5W\/GHz thermal tuning efficiency (Figure 1c), ~9fJ\/bit modulation performance at a data rate of 13Gb\/s (Figure 1d), and a 5.9dB extinction ratio. This is the first demonstration of an integrated heater and modulator within an ARM resonator and the most compact microring modulator with a directly integrated heater.<\/p>\n

\"Figure<\/a>

Figure 1: a) 3D sketch of the ARM modulator with integrated heater showing size, doping and contacts. b) Spur-free single mode operation of the LRM modulator with a FSR of 5 THz. c) Measured DC spectral response of the integrated heater inside the ARM modulator with an applied bias voltage to heater pins. d) High-speed optical eye diagrams at a data rate of 10- and 13-Gb\/s with a 1.8Vpp (0 to -1.8V) drive. The extinction ratio is 6dB. e) Measured spectral response of the ARM modulator with applied DC bias voltage to modulator pins from -3V to 0.7V.<\/p><\/div>\n

  1. M. R. Watts, W. A. Zortman, D. C. Trotter, R. W. Young, and A. L. Lentine, \u201cVertical junction silicon microdisk modulators and switches,\u201d Opt. Exp., <\/i>vol. 19, no. 22, pp. 21989\u201322003 2011. [↩<\/a>]<\/li>
  2. E. Timurdogan, C. M. Sorace-Agaskar, A. Biberman, and M. R. Watts, \u201cVertical Junction Silicon Microdisk Modulators at 25Gb\/s,\u201d in Proc. OFC\/NFOEC<\/i>, paper OTh3H.2 2013. [↩<\/a>]<\/li>
  3. E. Timurdogan, A. Biberman, D. Trotter, C. Sun, M. Moresco, V. Stojanovic, and M. R. Watts, \u201cAutomated Wavelength Recovery for Microring Resonators,\u201d in Proc. Conf. Lasers Electro-Opt.<\/i>, paper CM2M.1 2012. [↩<\/a>]<\/li>
  4. E. Timurdogan, C. M. Sorace-Agaskar, G. Leake, D. D. Coolbaugh, and M. R. Watts, \u201cAdiabatic Resonant Microring (ARM) Modulators with Integrated Thermal Tuner,\u201d in Proc.<\/i> Advanced Photonic Congress, <\/i>paper IT5A.7\u00a02013. [↩<\/a>]<\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Wavelength division multiplexed systems can achieve high bandwidth by utilizing many channels on a single fiber as opposed to current…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":370,"featured_media":2404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6083,5532],"tags":[12761,11652],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1628"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/370"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1628"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2406,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1628\/revisions\/2406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtlsites.mit.edu\/annual_reports\/2013\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}